This work was conducted in the context of post-marketing bio-safety
assessment of genetically modified products. It presents a systematic
approach based on a chronic toxicity study on Wistar albino rats, with a
range of combined parameters including biochemical, histopathological,
and cytogenetic to evaluate the negative impact of a genetically
modified (GM) diet on animal health. Histopathological and biochemical
analysis procedures were performed in the liver, kidney, and testis.
Cytogenetic analysis was evaluated in germ cells and the liver. The
results revealed that the laboratory diet used in our investigation was
proved experimentally, using the PCR assay, to contain genetically
modified components without being labeled as such. The results of all
parameters evaluated in our investigation were consistent and confirm
that the GM diet fed to rats for 30, 60, or 90 days has deleterious
histopathological and histochemical impacts. Biochemical alterations in
alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, uric
acid, and malondialdehyde concentrations were also observed.
Genotoxicity of the GM diet was also demonstrated in germ cells as
increased numbers of cells with chromosomal aberrations and in liver
cells as increased ratios of DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, the
results of the present work indicate that there are health hazards
linked to the ingestion of diets containing genetically modified
components.
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